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, David J. Canty, M.S. Department of Nutrition, Food, and Hotel Management at New York University, New York, NY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Steven H. Zeisel, M.D., Ph D University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic
Nutrition Reviews, Volume 52, Issue 10, October 1994, Pages 327–339, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1994.tb01357.x
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01 October 1994
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David J. Canty, Steven H. Zeisel, Lecithin and Choline in Human Health and Disease, Nutrition Reviews, Volume 52, Issue 10, October 1994, Pages 327–339, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1994.tb01357.x
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Abstract
Choline is involved in methyl group metabolism and lipid transport and is a component of a number of important biological compounds including the membrane phospholipids lecithin, sphingomyelin, and plasmalogen; the neurotransmitter acetylcholine; and platelet activating factor. Although a required nutrient for several animal species, choline is not currently designated as essential for humans. However, recent clinical studies show it to be essential for normal liver function. Additionally, a large body of evidence from the fields of molecular and cell biology shows that certain phospholipids play a critical role in generating second messengers for cell membrane signal transduction. This process involves a cascade of reactions that translate an external cell stimulus such as a hormone or growth factor into a change in cell transport, metabolism, growth, function, or gene expression. Disruptions in phospholipid metabolism can interfere with this process and may underlie certain disease states such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease. These recent findings may be appropriate in the consideration of choline as an essential nutrient for humans.
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© 1994 International Life Sciences Institute
Topic:
- acetylcholine
- platelet activating factor
- alzheimer's disease
- signal transduction
- metabolism
- gene expression
- cancer
- hormones
- cell membrane
- choline
- growth factor
- tissue membrane
- neurotransmitters
- lecithin
- phospholipids
- plasmalogens
- second messenger systems
- sphingomyelins
- liver function
- nutrients
- essential nutrients
- cellular biology
- lipid transport
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